Pseudolesions:
Diploic fat marrow
Simple petrous effusion
Congenital:
Cephalocele
Benign:
Cholesterol granuloma
Mucocele
Cholesteatoma
Infection:
Petrous apicitis
Vascular:
Carotid artery aneurysm
Malignant:
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Metastasis
Lymphoma
Bone and cartilage tumors:
Osteosarcoma
Chondrosarcoma
Others:
Histiocytosis X
Paget's fibrous dysplasia
Reference:
Connor SEJ et al. Imaging of the petrous apex: a pictorial review. British Journal of Radiology (2008) 81, 427-435